Review of Futures Markets (RFM) is an international peer-reviewed scholarly journal. Established as a leading forum for research in futures, derivatives, and financial markets, the journal has evolved into a multidisciplinary platform dedicated to advancing knowledge across the broad fields of business, management, economics, finance, accounting, commerce, public policy, and related disciplines. RFM is indexed in ABDC Journal Quality List (B Category) Journal Information Title: Review of Futures Markets (RFM) ISSN: 1933-7116 Frequency: Biannual (Continuous Publication Model) Indexing: ABDC Journal Quality List (B Category) Email: rfm@fra.st Website: https://fra.st
An Exploration of Self-Regulation Strategies Used by EFL Learners to Foster Autonomous Learning
The growing emphasis on learner-centered approaches in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education has highlighted the importance of learner autonomy as a key factor in successful language learning. Autonomous learners are expected to take responsibility for their learning by setting goals, monitoring progress, and evaluating outcomes. In this context, self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies have emerged as essential mechanisms that enable learners to manage and direct their own learning processes effectively. This study aims to explore the self-regulation strategies used by EFL learners to develop and sustain autonomous learning. To achieve these objectives, the study adopts an exploratory quantitative research design. The findings confirms that learners possess a strong awareness of autonomous learning and demonstrate positive attitudes toward taking responsibility for their learning. The study further reveals that participants make substantial use of self-regulation strategies across the three core phases of self-regulated learning: planning, monitoring, and evaluation. Learners frequently engage in planning their learning activities, setting goals, organizing resources, monitoring their comprehension and progress, identifying and correcting errors, and evaluating their performance to enhance future learning outcomes. These behaviors reflect a strong level of metacognitive awareness and demonstrate learners’ ability to take an active role in managing and directing their own learning process. The study contributes to the growing body of literature on learner autonomy and self-regulated learning by providing insights into how EFL learners manage their learning independently. It also offers pedagogical implications for teachers seeking to foster autonomy through the integration of self-regulation strategies in language learning contexts.
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The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Strategic Decision-Making
Artificial intelligence has moved from a support technology for reporting and automation to a core capability for forecasting, pattern recognition, scenario analysis, and decision augmentation in enterprises. Recent systematic literature reviews conclude that AI now materially improves information processing, forecasting, and managerial responsiveness, while also creating new governance demands around explainability, trust, accountability, and human oversight. From 2010 to 2025, the center of gravity in enterprise analytics shifted from structured-data machine learning toward hybrid environments that combine classical predictive models, deep learning, intelligent support systems, and AI-powered business intelligence. Reviews covering strategic decision-making, predictive models, and intelligent support systems consistently show that Random Forest, Support Vector Machines, Gradient Boosting Machines, Convolutional Neural Networks, and Long Short-Term Memory networks have become foundational model families because they support different kinds of strategic inference, from classification and risk scoring to time-series forecasting and image-based operational monitoring. Recent review evidence also points to measurable business impact. One 2025 systematic literature review on AI-powered business intelligence reports reductions in manual data processing of 70 percent, forecasting improvements of 35 to 50 percent, managerial efficiency gains of 50 percent, and strategic-error reductions of 30 percent in enterprise decision support contexts.[cite:2] In manufacturing, predictive maintenance literature documents meaningful reductions in unplanned downtime through AI-enabled monitoring and forecasting, while finance-oriented fraud detection research shows sustained improvements in anomaly detection accuracy and decision speed versus traditional rule-based approaches. The central implication is not that AI replaces executives; rather, it changes the structure of strategic work. The strongest evidence supports a hybrid model in which AI expands the speed, breadth, and consistency of analysis while human leaders retain responsibility for value judgments, ethical trade-offs, context interpretation, and final accountability.
Justice in the Cloud: Can Victims Cross the Digital Border? Bridging Victim Rights and Cross-Border Data Protection
India stands at a constitutional inflection point where two ambitious legal projects the recalibration of criminal justice around the victim, and the construction of a modern data-protection regime have begun to intersect in ways that scholarship has yet to map. On 1 July 2024, the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS), the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS) and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) replaced the colonial trinity of the Indian Penal Code, the Code of Criminal Procedure and the Indian Evidence Act, reorienting the system from a punitive, State-centred paradigm toward one that treats the victim as a rights-bearing stakeholder entitled to information, participation, compensation and dignity. Contemporaneously, the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (DPDP Act) operationalised in phases from November 2025 alongside the Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 has erected a statutory architecture for informational privacy anchored in the Supreme Court’s recognition of privacy as a fundamental right in K.S. Puttaswamy. This paper argues that these reforms are not parallel silos but converging vectors: the victim of the digital age is simultaneously a ‘data principal’ whose personal information traverses servers, jurisdictions and forensic pipelines. Adopting a doctrinal and comparative method, the study juxtaposes India’s ‘negative-list’ model of cross-border transfer under Section 16 of the DPDP Act against the European Union’s ‘adequacy’ architecture under Chapter V of the GDPR, and situates the victim at the fault line between investigative necessity and privacy protection. It concludes by proposing a victim-centric data-governance model reconciling dignity, due process and data sovereignty.
The Use of Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing for the Evaluation and Control of Flood Risk
When it comes to natural catastrophes, floods rank high on the list of how often and how severely they devastate people, their homes, and businesses. Many areas are more susceptible to flooding due to rapid development, climate change, and insufficient drainage infrastructure. So, in order to minimize losses and guarantee sustainable development, it is vital to effectively identify and manage flood risks. the use of GIS and remote sensing methods for the purpose of assessing and managing flood risks. Intensity of rainfall, land use, soil properties, drainage patterns, and topography are some of the variables that affect flood risk, and this study uses satellite imagery, DEMs, and spatial data to examine these elements. The data is integrated and processed using GIS-based technologies, which allow for the development of flood hazard maps and the identification of locations prone to flooding. Monitoring flood occurrences and changes in land cover over time is made easier with the real-time and historical data provided by remote sensing. assesses a range of flood control measures, including alarm systems, zoning for floodplains, drainage infrastructure development, and watershed management techniques. Greater accuracy and timeliness in planning and disaster mitigation are made possible by the combination of GIS with remote sensing, leading to better decision-making.
The Role of The International Multimodal Transport System in Stimulating The Supply Chain and Logistics and Achieving Economic Development.
Transportation services of all kindsAIts land, sea, and air forms are the main artery of national economies due to their paramount importance in the smooth flow of goods and merchandise and the revitalization of international trade.Providing various goods and raw materialsIt also plays a crucial role in accelerating global growth and development in the field of supply and logistics, especially given the advancements in transportation systems.eTechnology integrationInformation and contactIn this field, what is known as the transport system emerged.InternationalMultimedia as an alternative strategic optionThis system operates by using at least two means of transport from the producing country to the consuming country, relying on information and communication technology under one contract and under the responsibility of the transport contractor. This facilitates and speeds up door-to-door supply operations with high efficiency, focusing on reducing costs, which contributes to offering products at competitive prices. This type of transport also contributes to increasing national income and thus achieving economic development.
Effects of Pandemic Situations on Mental and Physical Health
Pandemic situations have significant impacts on both mental and physical health, affecting individuals, families, communities, and healthcare systems worldwide. Outbreaks of infectious diseases such as COVID-19, SARS, Ebola, and influenza have demonstrated how rapidly spreading illnesses can disrupt daily life, economic stability, education, employment, and social interactions. During pandemics, fear of infection, social isolation, uncertainty, financial stress, and loss of loved ones create serious psychological and emotional challenges, while the disease itself directly affects physical health and overall well-being. the effects of pandemic situations on mental and physical health and analyzes the social, emotional, and medical consequences of widespread disease outbreaks. It highlights the impact of pandemics on stress, anxiety, depression, loneliness, sleep disorders, and emotional instability among different age groups. The physical health effects caused by infectious diseases, weakened immunity, lack of physical activity, unhealthy lifestyles, and limited access to healthcare services during emergency situations.
Investor Protection in Commodity Futures Markets: Challenges under Indian Securities Law
Commodity futures markets play a pivotal role in facilitating price discovery, risk management, and efficient allocation of resources in the Indian economy, particularly for the agricultural and commodity sectors. With the merger of the erstwhile Forward Markets Commission (FMC) into the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in 2015, commodity derivatives came under the broader framework of Indian securities regulation, signalling a significant step towards strengthening market integrity and investor confidence. Despite these reforms, retail and institutional investors continue to face several challenges arising from market manipulation, insider trading, excessive speculation, algorithmic trading, information asymmetry, and inadequate financial literacy. These concerns undermine investor confidence and adversely affect the transparency and fairness of commodity futures trading. This paper critically examines the existing legal and regulatory framework governing investor protection in India's commodity futures markets under the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956, the SEBI Act, 1992, and the regulations issued by SEBI. It analyses the effectiveness of regulatory mechanisms in preventing fraudulent and unfair trade practices while ensuring market efficiency. The study further explores emerging challenges posed by technological advancements, cross-border transactions, digital trading platforms, and the growing participation of retail investors. Through an examination of judicial pronouncements, SEBI enforcement actions, and comparative international regulatory practices, the paper identifies existing gaps in the investor protection framework. It argues that while the integration of commodity derivatives regulation with the securities market has enhanced regulatory oversight, further reforms are required to strengthen surveillance mechanisms, improve investor awareness, enhance dispute resolution, and promote greater market transparency. The paper concludes by proposing legal and policy recommendations aimed at achieving a balanced regulatory framework that safeguards investors while fostering the growth, stability, and credibility of India's commodity futures markets in an evolving financial ecosystem.
Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Work: Opportunities and Workforce Challenges
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is fundamentally transforming the nature of work by reshaping job roles, business processes, and workforce requirements across industries. Through technologies such as machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, robotics, and generative AI, organizations are automating routine tasks, enhancing decision-making, and creating new opportunities for innovation and productivity. the potential to improve operational efficiency, generate new employment opportunities, and augment human capabilities, it also presents significant challenges related to job displacement, workforce reskilling, changing skill requirements, ethical concerns, and widening digital inequalities. the evolving relationship between Artificial Intelligence and the future of work by exploring the opportunities and workforce challenges associated with AI adoption. It analyzes the impact of AI across key sectors, including manufacturing, healthcare, education, finance, retail, and public administration, highlighting its role in improving productivity, supporting human-machine collaboration, and enabling flexible work environments. major workforce challenges such as automation-induced job displacement, skills shortages, organizational change, employee well-being, algorithmic management, and the need for lifelong learning. the role of governments, educational institutions, and organizations in developing policies, reskilling initiatives, and workforce development strategies to prepare employees for an AI-driven economy.
The Role of Self-Entrepreneurship in Promoting Socioeconomic Inclusion in Algeria in the Era of Digital Transformation
The Algerian entrepreneurial ecosystem has experienced since 2022, a new actor, institutionally constituted, namely, the self-entrepreneur. This novelty arrives in a period characterized by the preparation of a digital transition, in which the economy would take increasingly digitalized and socially inclusive approaches. In this communication, we will attempt to carry out an analysis on two actors, namely the self-entrepreneur and business incubators, in a cooperative approach, which can give rise to innovative co-construction initiatives in the service of social inclusion in Algeria. Our research leads to the result that business incubators can play an accelerating role and the success of the self-entrepreneurship approach, through personalized support, to support social inclusion through digital inclusion.
The Interplay Between Urbanization and Community Links: An Analysis of Contemporary Urbanites' Sense of Social Unity
Redefining human settlement patterns, economic activity, and social interaction, urbanization is one of the most profound societal transformations of the modern period. The character of community links and social cohesiveness has changed significantly as cities keep growing as a result of migration, industrialization, and population increase. There are pros and cons to living in an urban setting when it comes to social integration, community involvement, and interpersonal connections. Pros include economic growth, cultural diversity, and technological advancement. examines the dynamics of social cohesiveness in contemporary cities and the effects of urbanization on relationships within communities. how people in cities are affected by the fast expansion of their neighborhoods in terms of their social networks, trust, collective identity, and level of civic involvement. Some of the characteristics that impact the quality of life in urban communities are cultural variety, residence mobility, socioeconomic disparity, migration, and population density. promoting social relationships and enhancing community ties through the use of digital communication technology, local organizations, and public areas.
SMEs and Start-ups in Algeria: Determinants of Performance, Support Policies, and Future Perspectives
In Algeria, "startups" are modern companies focused on innovation, often in the technology sector. They are characterized as small-scale projects starting at an early stage with no guarantee of success, meaning entrepreneurs bear the risks of both profit and loss. The Algerian government has established a ministry dedicated to supporting startups, as well as a funding fund aimed at facilitating access to loans and training. However, startups face numerous challenges, including a lack of funding, weak infrastructure, and outdated laws ill-suited to the nature of these new businesses. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop an integrated ecosystem that supports startups at all stages of their life cycle. This includes providing funding, enhancing coordination between universities and research institutions, and facilitating access to information necessary for conducting effective feasibility studies, thereby contributing to Algeria's economic growth.
A Sociological Examination of the Role of Social Media in the Development of Youth Identity
Young people's self-perception and social interactions have been profoundly affected by the pervasiveness of social media in their daily lives. the sociological effects of online platforms on the process of young people's identity development. Adolescence and early adulthood are formative years for many reasons, including but not limited to: personal experiences, societal standards, and social interactions. Instagram, Facebook, X (formerly Twitter), TikTok, and Snapchat are all social media platforms that play an important part in the construction of personal and social identities by providing new areas for self-expression, communication, and social validation. how young people's views of themselves, their bodies, their beliefs, and their social relationships are shaped by their experiences in online forums and through user-generated material. Additionally, it delves into how factors like social comparison, peer pressure, and online recognition impact the formation of an individual's sense of self. There are positive aspects to social media, such as the chance to connect with others and share ideas, but there are also negative aspects, such as the possibility of cyberbullying, low self-esteem, identity uncertainty, and the pressure to adhere to unrealistic societal norms.
Structures Supporting Startups In Algeria
In recent years, the Algerian government has focused most of its attention on the small and emerging enterprises sector and the knowledge economy, which required the provision of an appropriate ecosystem to push the holders of creative ideas and innovative projects to realize them on the ground. This research paper aimed to clarify the basic concepts of startups and shed light on the most important structures supporting startups in Algeria. The study concluded that these bodies contribute to supporting and financing start-up projects through the services they provide for the establishment and development of these projects and contributing to social and economic development, so the study recommended conducting more information and awareness campaigns to introduce the support structures and services that exist across the country and to issue more detailed and organized laws and regulations about these bodies to benefit more from their services.
Modern Gender Roles and Disparities in the Workplace
Even though there has been a lot of progress toward gender equality in public life, education, and the workplace, gender roles and workplace inequality are still big sociological issues in the digital age. what effects gender norms, both historical and modern, have on career advancement, advancement opportunities, and job satisfaction. The socially constructed expectations of what men and women should do with their lives and what they should be able to do for a living are known as gender roles. Segregation by occupation, pay gaps, and obstacles to promotion are all symptoms of these expectations in action. the gender wage gap, discrimination in recruiting and promotion procedures, difficulties in balancing work and life, and the glass ceiling are all issues that contribute to the perpetuation of inequalities in the workplace. how diversity programs and legal safeguards fail to address the pervasiveness of gender inequality in business cultures and societal mores. The stories of oppressed people, especially women and members of gender minorities, who endure multiple types of persecution due to their race, class, ethnicity, and other social identities are highlighted.
The Role of Digital Organizational Culture in the Success of Digital Transformation Strategies: A Field Study at the Faculty of Economic, Commercial, and Management Sciences - University of Bouira
This study aims to highlight the role played by digital organizational culture in ensuring the success of digital transformation strategies within higher education institutions by emphasizing its importance in promoting the adoption of digital technologies and fostering values of innovation, collaboration, and continuous learning. The core problem addresses how digital organizational culture contributes to supporting and implementing digital transformation strategies at the Faculty of Economic, Commercial, and Management Sciences, University of Bouira. To achieve the study objectives, a descriptive-analytical approach was employed alongside a field study to examine the concepts and dimensions of digital organizational culture and to assess its impact on the successful implementation of digital transformation strategies within the faculty. The findings revealed that a positive digital organizational culture is one of the most significant factors supporting the success of digital transformation by enhancing digital skills and improving the efficiency and quality of university services. Furthermore, the study recommended providing supportive leadership, an appropriate digital infrastructure, and continuous training programs to consolidate digital culture and achieve digital transformation goals.
The Effects of Altering Family Structures on Adolescent Growth
socialization, and growth, the family stands out. Worldwide, traditional family structures have changed as a result of major social, economic, and cultural shifts in the last several decades. The environments in which teenagers are brought up have changed due to the rising number of household types such as nuclear families, single-parent households, blended families, cohabiting partnerships, dual-income families, and transnational family arrangements. Sociologists, psychologists, and lawmakers are very curious about the effects of these shifting family structures on adolescents' maturation. how different family dynamics impact teenagers' emotional, social, cognitive, and behavioral maturation. Adolescents' sense of self, academic achievement, social competence, psychological well-being, and development of an individual identity are examined in connection to family dynamics, parental relationships, socioeconomic status, and household dynamics. Divorce, remarriage, migration, and shifting caregiving roles are just a few examples of the varied family configurations studied here, along with the pros and cons of each.
Takaful Insurance as A New Mechanism for Managing Credit Risks in Islamic Banks: An Analytical Study in Light of the Pakistani Experience and International Models
This study aims to analyze the reality of the Takaful insurance industry and its role in managing credit risks in Islamic banks, by addressing its concept, types and spread in the Islamic world, highlighting its importance as a legitimate alternative to commercial insurance and a tool supporting financial stability, while reviewing the Pakistani experience and some leading international models. The study found that Takaful insurance is an effective tool to support financial stability and enhancing risk management, thanks to its compatibility with the principles of Islamic Sharia and the development of its products and regulatory frameworks. It also showed that the Pakistani experience represents an important model in the integration of Takaful insurance with the Islamic banking industry, while international experiences confirm the importance of innovation, product development, and digital transformation in expanding the scope of this industry The study concluded that strengthening the role of Takaful insurance depends on innovation, developing legislation, and enhancing integration between Takaful companies and Islamic banks to achieve sustainable growth of Islamic finance.
Government Policies to Accelerate 100% Renewable Energy Transition
Switching to renewable energy is necessary for long-term sustainability and climate change mitigation. Even though solar, wind, and hydropower are more efficient and cost-effective, governments worldwide must collaborate to move to renewable energy. Government policies can accelerate this transformation by setting laws, incentives, and structures to promote renewable energy systems. the role of feed-in tariffs, subsidies, tax incentives, and renewable energy legislation in easing the switch to renewable electricity. importance of including renewable energy targets in energy plans, stimulating commercial investment, and addressing energy storage, grid integration, and infrastructure challenges. The article emphasizes policy alignment and international cooperation to meet global renewable energy targets. This report analyzes case studies from nations that have made significant progress toward 100% renewable energy to identify the main policy drivers that can accelerate the global transition to a sustainable, renewable-powered future. Strong, consistent, and future-oriented government policies are needed to reach 100% renewable energy and build a sustainable, low-carbon energy system.
Financial Technology and Its Impact on Financial Inclusion in Algeria: An Applied Analytical Study
This study aims to shed light on the concept of financial technology and its importance in developing the operations of Algerian banks, as well as its impact on financial inclusion. The use of financial technology has become one of the important mechanisms that can support the development of the financial sector in Algeria and contribute to expanding financial inclusion. The findings of the study indicate that the adoption of this technology within the banks under study was at a moderate level. This means that the digital transformation process is already underway, but it still requires further activation and expansion. At the same time, the impact of financial technology on financial inclusion was evident through its contribution to facilitating access to financial services, encouraging their use, and improving the quality of the services provided. The results also revealed a statistically significant relationship between the adoption of financial technology and the improvement of financial inclusion, confirming that the expansion of digital solutions can positively affect bank performance and enhance customers’ access to and benefit from banking services.
Human Rights and National Sovereignty in the Politics of Migration
Migration is a topic that is extremely important in international politics because it poses challenging problems at the intersection of human rights and state sovereignty. the political dynamics of migration, with a particular focus on the manner in which governments strike a balance between their responsibilities to protect the rights and dignity of migrants and refugees and the imperative to keep borders open and preserve sovereignty. It is through a study of migration policy and international frameworks that the contradictions that arise between restrictive immigration rules and the tenets of international human rights agreements are investigated. Utilizing example studies from South Asia, the United States of America, and Europe, this article examines the political, economic, and social factors that have an impact on migration policies and the consequences those policies have on the welfare of migrants. an approach to migration governance that is rights-based and collaborative, with the goal of promoting inclusion and humanitarianism while simultaneously addressing concerns about security. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the ongoing conversations about migration by providing insights into new policies that prioritise both national interests and individual fundamental rights.
Forecasting Export Performance in Emerging MENA Economies: A Comparative Study between Panel ARDL and Bi-LSTM Neural Networks
This study examines the determinants of export performance in emerging MENA economies during the period 1985- 2024, comparing the forecasting accuracy of traditional econometric models with that of Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) neural networks. Using panel ARDL estimation, the empirical findings confirm a long-run cointegrating relationship among exports, exchange rates, inflation, and GDP. The exchange rate has the strongest positive effect on exports (0.5504, p < 0.01), while GDP has a negative long-term impact (-41.874, p < 0.10). These results support the Domestic Absorption Hypothesis. This negative effect is more pronounced in oil-producing countries, reflecting a shift in resources toward domestic consumption. The Bi-LSTM model substantially outperforms traditional approaches, achieving superior predictive accuracy, as evidenced by R² = 0.9016, MAE = 0.0103, and RMSE = 0.0135. Forecasts for the period from 2025 to 2029 reveal significant heterogeneity across countries: Bahrain maintains the highest export levels, while Egypt experiences the sharpest decline, reflecting structural constraints. This study provides empirical evidence on the long-term determinants of exports in the region and shows that Bi-LSTM networks are better at capturing nonlinear export dynamics. The findings highlight the importance of country-specific policies to strengthen export resilience and diversification.
An Analysis of Developing Nations' Participation in Climate Negotiations: A Global Perspective on Environmental Governance
When it comes to addressing the complex issues that have arisen as a result of climate change, the depletion of resources, and the loss of biodiversity, global environmental governance is an essential topic to focus on. When it comes to international climate negotiations, developing countries are extremely important since they are required to find a middle ground between the environmental sustainability requirements and the economic growth requirements. the shifting responsibilities that developing countries play in influencing international environmental policies, with a particular focus on the manner in which they participate in multilateral environmental agreements, the Paris Agreement, and COP summits. In the study, which makes use of a mixed-methods approach, the researchers identify significant areas, such as the promotion of equity, the provision of financial assistance, and the transfer of technology, in which developing nations have showed leadership. the challenges that they face, which include limited resources, pressures from geopolitical actors, and the manner in which vulnerable populations are disproportionately affected by climate change. Based on the analysis of case studies originating from South Asia, Latin America, and Sub-Saharan Africa, the essay highlights how important it is to provide less developed nations with a greater degree of influence over the governance of the global climate process. the importance of inclusive negotiations that prioritize accountability, equity, and capacity-building in order to generate results that are fair and long-lasting for all parties involved.
The Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Stress Reduction and Cognitive Function
The impact of mindfulness meditation on cognitive function and stress reduction, looking at how consistent mindfulness exercises can improve emotional health and cognitive function. Because of its potential therapeutic benefits, mindfulness meditation—which is paying concentrated attention to the present moment with acceptance and without judgment—has drawn more attention in clinical and educational contexts. the connection between stress levels, mindfulness meditation, and cognitive performance by evaluating a group of individuals who took part in an eight-week mindfulness course. Standardised scales were used to measure stress, and attention, memory, and executive function activities were used to evaluate cognitive function. Participants reported increases in emotional regulation, anxiety reduction, and general stress management, which suggests that mindfulness meditation considerably lowers perceived stress levels. Additionally, cognitive tests showed increases in executive function, memory, and attention, underscoring the possible cognitive advantages of mindfulness. These findings have important ramifications for the application of mindfulness meditation in stress management programs, clinical therapies, and educational contexts since they imply that it may be a useful technique for lowering stress and improving cognitive function. In order to promote improved mental health and cognitive functioning, the study recommends integrating mindfulness exercises into regular routines.
A Comparative Analytical Study of Corporate Governance Models: Structures, Mechanisms, and Operational Frameworks
This study provides a comparative institutional analysis of corporate governance models by examining their structures, mechanisms, and operational frameworks and the extent to which they are shaped by the legal, financial, economic, and institutional characteristics of their respective environments. Using a comparative descriptive and analytical approach, the study examines the market-oriented, network-oriented, and hybrid models across several dimensions, including ownership structure, financing sources, board structure, stakeholder participation, internal and external control mechanisms, disclosure, and legal enforcement. The findings indicate that the effectiveness of governance mechanisms depends less on their formal existence than on their compatibility with the institutional environment in which they operate. Hence, no single universal model can be applied with equal effectiveness across all countries. The analysis of Algeria further indicates a transitional and hybrid governance system that requires stronger enforcement, enhanced shareholder protection, further financial-market development, and more effective boards of directors. The study therefore emphasizes locally adapted reforms rather than the direct transplantation of foreign governance models.
A Thorough Analysis of the Rise of Electric Vehicles and Their Effects on International Carbon Emissions: A Vision for a More Sustainable Transportation Future
As the globe seeks solutions to combat climate change, sustainable mobility choices have been garnering significant attention. By replacing gas-powered cars with electric ones, we can lessen our impact on the environment, improve air quality, and cut down on our usage of fossil fuels. the long-term effects on carbon dioxide emissions from a large-scale adoption of EVs. In order to find out, "How can the broad transition to electric vehicles contribute to achieving carbon reduction targets?" this study looks into the factors that influence consumer adoption, government restrictions, and technological advancements in EVs. Throughout their entire lifecycle, from production to energy use to disposal of discarded EVs, the study also evaluates the environmental benefits of EVs. The potential benefits and drawbacks of increasing the worldwide usage of EVs are investigated by combining literature review, data analysis, and case studies from various regions. In order for electric vehicles to accomplish their full potential in lowering carbon emissions, the findings indicate that a robust charging infrastructure, enhanced battery technology, and supportive legal frameworks are essential. A comprehensive plan for sustainable transportation, involving new technology, improved infrastructure, and government support, is necessary to significantly reduce carbon emissions worldwide.
Artificial Intelligence in Public Healthcare Supply Chains: Current Applications, and Future Policy Directions
Background: Despite the rapid advancements in digital transformation, Healthcare Supply Chain Management (HSCM) in the public sector faces systemic vulnerabilities, including demand fluctuations, inefficient resource distribution, and operational bottlenecks. While Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents transformative opportunities to mitigate these challenges, there remains a critical gap in the scientific understanding of how AI tools can be effectively integrated into public healthcare supply networks within appropriate policy and governance frameworks. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the contributions of AI to HSCM in the public sector. Specifically, it seeks to identify current operational applications, analyse institutional and technological challenges, examine emerging AI techniques, and propose strategic policy directions to enhance the study and practice of public healthcare logistics. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted across major academic databases to analyse current scholarly contributions at the intersection of AI, public health management, and supply chain operations. The retrieved studies were critically appraised and synthesised to map existing AI integration stages, identify operational barriers, and formulate future policy recommendations. Results: The findings reveal that AI applications significantly enhance public healthcare supply chains by optimising core operational dimensions, including predictive demand forecasting, automated inventory control, smart logistics routing, and proactive risk analysis. Furthermore, the synthesis demonstrates that AI-driven solutions improve resource allocation transparency, reduce waste, and strengthen operational resilience against unexpected public health crises. Conclusions: Artificial Intelligence serves as a vital strategic instrument for building resilient, efficient, and cost-effective public healthcare supply chains. To fully capitalise on these technological advancements, healthcare authorities must establish robust policy frameworks, address data governance and institutional challenges, and promote cross-sectoral collaboration between public health institutions and technology providers.
Consumer Perception and Policy Implications of Barriers to Widespread Adoption of Electric Vehicles
More people driving electric vehicles (EVs) might help reduce pollution and climate change, among other environmental issues. There are still several hurdles to the broad adoption of electric vehicles, even as technology has advanced and environmental concerns have increased. Both public sentiment and official rules act as brakes on the broad adoption of EVs. Many factors influence consumer perception and, consequently, adoption rates of electric vehicles. These include concerns about range anxiety, the accessibility of charging infrastructure, and the higher initial costs of EVs. Furthermore, while electric car adoption has been boosted by government initiatives such as tax breaks, subsidies, and pollution regulations, growth is still being hindered in certain regions by a lack of comprehensive and supportive legislation. This essay analyses pertinent case studies and performs extensive literature research to examine potential legislative changes that could overcome the primary obstacles blocking the broad adoption of electric vehicles. Electric vehicle (EV) infrastructure development, consumer education, and targeted government interventions must all work together to create a climate conducive to EV broad adoption. The report finds that a concerted effort by governments, corporations, and consumers is necessary to hasten the transition to electric transportation and enjoy the environmental advantages of EVs.
The Reality of Domestic Ecotourism in Algeria under the National Tourism Development Master Plan 2030 for Enhancing Sustainable Development – An Analytical Study of Sétif Province, Algeria
This study examines ecotourism in Sétif Province, Algeria, within the framework of the National Tourism Development Master Plan 2030, with a focus on the role of ecotourism as an internal economic and development driver. Ecotourism has gained increasing significance as one of the fastest-growing segments of the tourism sector, contributing to sustainable development by supporting local economies, generating employment opportunities, and preserving natural environments as well as cultural heritage. The study aims to analyse the current status of domestic ecotourism in Sétif Province, evaluate the effectiveness of national policies, identify the main challenges hindering tourism development, and propose practical recommendations for enhancing the sector. The descriptive-analytical approach was adopted, based on official and field sources. The study assessed tourism investment projects, development programmes, and the legal framework regulating tourism activities in the province. The findings indicate that ecotourism in Sétif Province constitutes an important component for achieving sustainable economic and social development; however, the sector continues to face several challenges, including weak institutional coordination, insufficient awareness campaigns, and shortcomings in certain tourism infrastructures.
Global Government Policies and Electric Vehicle Market Growth
The rapidly expanding electric vehicle (EV) sector is greatly affected by government policies that aim to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and promote greener forms of transportation. To help governments reach their climate goals and reduce their dependency on fossil fuels, several legislative frameworks have been established to encourage the usage of electric vehicles. how changes in government policy have impacted the growth of the electric vehicle sector. the effects of subsidies, tax breaks, pollution limits, infrastructure building, and manufacturing requirements on the electric car market in key areas such as China, Europe, and North America. the effectiveness of various regional initiatives in accelerating the use of electric vehicles. Additionally, it explores the potential for public-private partnerships and international cooperation to facilitate the expansion of EV markets. guiding future legislation toward sustainability and integration; assisting legislators in improving the global transportation system; and removing barriers to the expansion of the electric car sector.
Investing in Intellectual Capital and Achieving Research Excellence in Algerian Higher Education Institutions : A Field Study at Ferhat Abbas University Setif 1
Higher education has witnessed profound transformations in recent decades, compelling universities to strive to improve their academic standing and enhance their capacity to produce knowledge in an increasingly competitive international environment, fraught with pressures related to rankings and academic legitimacy. In this context, intellectual capital has emerged as a suitable analytical framework for interpreting the sources of institutional and research excellence, as it combines human, intellectual, organizational, and relational resources capable of creating sustainable scientific value. This study aimed to analyze the impact of investment in intellectual capital, with its human, structural, and relational dimensions, on achieving research excellence at Ferhat Abbas University Setif 1. The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach, relying on a questionnaire administered to a stratified random sample of 307 professors from a study population of 1,527. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and simple and multiple regression models were used to analyze the relationships and effects among the study variables. Reliability and validity tests demonstrated acceptable to good levels, supporting the suitability of the measurement instrument. The results demonstrated positive and statistically significant relationships between investment in intellectual capital and the dimensions of research excellence. Relational capital emerged as the most influential dimension in organizing and developing scientific research, fostering scientific relationships and partnerships, and valuing scientific research, in addition to its strong correlation with research excellence. Furthermore, the multiple regression model showed that the dimensions of intellectual capital collectively explain a high percentage of the variance in research excellence, thus reinforcing the explanatory value of this approach within the context of Algerian universities.
Effects of EVs on Power Markets: Supply, Demand, and Legislative Consequences
As a result of electric vehicles becoming widely used, the energy industry, regulatory structures, and supply and demand dynamics will all change significantly. Electric vehicles' effects on power usage, grid management, and fuel markets will intensify in tandem with the proliferation of EVs. Electrical demand, the possibility of grid strain, the function of incorporating renewable energy sources, and the disconnection from conventional gasoline markets are four major facets of the impact of EV adoption on energy markets. We must also thoroughly examine the policy and legal ramifications of extensive EV adoption. New pricing systems, better infrastructure, and plans to manage the shift to EVs are all necessary. One way to understand the impact of electric vehicles on the energy sector is to look at patterns in energy consumption, new infrastructure, and regulatory actions in important sectors. It is imperative that governments, energy providers, and manufacturers collaborate to guarantee a sustainable, efficient, and environmentally and economically beneficial electric vehicle integration into the energy system. In order to ensure the long-term viability of electric vehicles, the authors argue that politicians should strive to improve the world's energy infrastructure, boost the use of renewable energy, and create regulatory frameworks.